You can try to add the following code in a custom plugin or in the functions.php of your theme. This will work only if you add the language code to all urls.
add_filter('option_category_base', 'pll_category_base');
function pll_category_base($option) {
if (is_admin())
pll_register_string('category_base', $option);
else
$option = pll__($option);
return $option;
}
Then you type your original slug as category base in the permalinks panel, and translate it in the strings translation panel.